Medical Equipments Reviews

Archive for the ‘Cancer Detection Instrument’ Category

A family history of breast cancer risk multiplied by two or three. Some mutations, especially in the genes BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53, are associated with a high risk of such cancer. However, these mutations are rare and explain only a small fraction of the total burden of breast cancer.

Reproductive factors associated with prolonged exposure to endogenous estrogens, such as early menarche, late menopause and middle age when the first childbirth are among the most important risk factors for breast cancer. Exogenous hormones also carry an increased risk of breast cancer, so that users of oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy are more likely than women not using these products. Breastfeeding has a protective effect (IARC, 2008, Lacey et al., 2009).

Danaei and colleagues (Danaei et al., 2005) have calculated the contribution of modifiable risk factors, except for reproductive factors, to the global burden of breast cancer. The authors conclude that 21% of all breast cancer deaths reported in the world are attributable to alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity, and lack of physical activity.

This proportion was higher in high-income countries (27%), and the most important factor was the overweight and obesity. In countries of low and middle income, the proportion of breast cancers attributable to these risk factors was 18%, and lack of physical activity was the most important factor (10%).

The different incidence of breast cancer in the developed and developing countries can be partly explained by the effects of food, coupled with higher age at first pregnancy, lower parity and shortened lactation (Peto, 2001). The increasing adoption of Western lifestyles in countries of low and middle income is an important determinant of increased breast cancer incidence in these countries.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in both developed and developing countries. The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in the developing world due to increased life expectancy, increasing urbanization and the adoption of Western lifestyles.

Although to some extent reduce the risk, prevention strategies can not eliminate the majority of breast cancers that occur in low-income countries and middle-diagnosis of the problem is in very advanced stages. Thus, early detection in order to improve the prognosis and survival of these cases remains the cornerstone of breast cancer control.

The recommended screening strategies for low-income countries and media are aware of early signs and symptoms, and screening based on clinical examination of the breasts in demonstration areas. Screening mammography is very expensive and is recommended for countries with good health infrastructure and can afford a long-term.

Many countries in middle-income countries facing the double burden of cervical cancer and breast cancer should undertake cost-effective and affordable interventions to address these largely preventable diseases.

WHO promotes breast cancer screening in the context of national programs to combat cancer by integrating prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases. The Organization, with the support of the Komen Foundation is conducting a 5-year study on the cost-effectiveness of breast cancer control in ten countries of low and middle income.

The project includes a tool for estimating costs of programs to evaluate the possibilities of financing. It is expected that the results of this project will provide data to formulate appropriate policies for breast cancer in underdeveloped countries.

Two teams of researchers are experimenting with methods more accurate and less invasive screening for colon cancer, reported the University of Michigan (UM). The professor of internal medicine and biomedical engineering at UM, Thomas D. Wang made ​​an investigation, recorded this week in the journal Nature Medicine, which reveals a new technique that could detect colon cancer. The method includes the topical application of a peptide labeled with a fluorescent agent.

The peptide is designed to identify pre-cancerous changes in the colon. Then, using a special microscope that fits inside a standard medical endoscope, the doctor can detect such suspicious lesions. “There has been a huge effort to get to screening patients for polyps that can be seen with an endoscope of white light, “Wang said , “But if pre-cancerous lesions or cancer are flat not be seen with common detection techniques.’s why we use advanced imaging techniques that seek molecular targets rather than structural changes,” he said. “We This method allows us to find more lesions than those detected by conventional colonoscopy, “he said. The researchers found that the peptide is linked with pre-cancerous tissues in 81 percent of the time. Now hope to identify additional peptides that bind to other targets to increase the promise of this method.

Now, the experts added two new tools: virtual colonoscopy, which uses a CT scan looking for abnormalities, and stool analysis markers for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) associated with cancer. Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death among men and women and second only to lung cancer. This year about 148,810 people in the U.S. will be diagnosed with colorectal cancer and about 49,960 will die from this cancer, officials said. But colon cancer is preventable largely by the appropriate test. The problem is that many people are shying away or delay the tests require ingestion of a preparation with unpleasant compounds and the insertion of instruments under mild sedation. Currently the recommendations for screening for colon cancer include a test that looks for traces of blood in the fecal material and enema double contrast barium, a series of X-rays of the colon and rectum.

Invasive techniques include colonoscopy, which is the main one, in which an instrument is inserted into the colon from the rectum and flexible sigmoidoscopy, which examines the rectum and lower colon using a different instrument. “In recent years, efforts to increase attention to this have been slow and sustained increases in screening rates,” a statement from the University of Michigan. The new data released this month by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention show that 60.8 percent of adults in 2006 was up with recommendations for screening for colorectal cancer compared to 53.9 percent in 2002. But these figures are still significantly behind when compared with other tests to detect cancer as mammography or Pap test. “It is important to be routinely screened for cancer colon and a variety of tests available to help achieve this, “said Don Kim Turgeon, professor of internal medicine in the Division of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine at the UM. “If obtaining of a full compliance review of colon cancer could prevent more than 90 percent of all colon cancers,” said. One potential option researchers believe is a test for markers in blood or stool may indicate colon cancer.

Then only those cases where there are suspicious findings would refer for further tests such as colonoscopy. Tests for colon cancer screening should begin at age 50 for average risk individuals. People with certain risk factors may need to be tested before, said UM.

Colon cancer is a disease in which cancer cells are found in tissues of the colon. In this type of cancer is a family heritage that is transmitted by a gene (DNA strand), carriers of this gene can be detected and treated early.

The screening for colon cancer is to examine the stool in search of blood. Also, your doctor may recommend tests to examine the colon and rectum as the exploration with flexible sigmoidoscopy (examining the lower colon using a flexible fiberoptic tube called an endoscope that is inserted into the rectum for a few minutes), radiographs colon (through x-rays) and colonoscopy (the doctor examines the colon throughout its length, using a thin, flexible colonoscope that is inserted into the rectum).

The procedure is similar to flexible sigmoidoscopy, although the instrument is longer so that it can analyze the entire colon. It’s uncomfortable, so it is advisable to administer a sedative. After 50 years of age, you have to do this test every two years.

The detection of a tumor early in its development, in addition to regular medical examinations and a healthy lifestyle are the keys to various oncology specialists explained to lanacion.com, following the death of the driver model and Patrick Miccio, one of the main faces of the fight against breast cancer in the country.

Oncologists consulted agreed that the smaller the tumor, the greater the chances of cure. And put the figure of 90 to 95 percent, providing a diagnosis very early, making it possible to detect the tumor when it has not grown an inch in one breast and no lymph node involvement.

“When it comes to prevention against breast cancer should speak of two types: primary prevention, which includes care that should lead a person through the adoption of healthy eating and healthy weight and be physically active at least 30 minutes per day, and campaigns and measures by the state to have a healthy society. On the other hand, attention should be secondary prevention, covering preventive medical examinations to detect possible tumor when it is too small”, told lanacion.com Dr. Antonio Lorusso, an oncologist and medical director of LALCEC, Argentina Fight League Against Cancer.

The expert stressed the importance of women to have annual or biennial mammography from age 40 (at 30 those who have had a family history), since it is the most effective instrument to detect a possible tumor in his first stages and is curable. “Finding cancer in place in time, it means that cancer is curable, it can be removed through a small surgery, which involves mastectomy (breast removal) and that this woman may in the future to nurse a baby no problem, “said Lorusso-gynecology professor at UBA, which is not ruled out other diagnostic methods like physical examination by touch or a breast ultrasound.

Dr. Berta Roth, president of the Argentina Association of Cancer (ASARCO), said by e-mail to lanacion.com that “Breast cancer is a public health problem and the best way of reducing mortality is through prevention operation of the various areas of early diagnosis and treatment in public and private health.”

“There is an ongoing national program aimed at reducing breast cancer mortality and morbidity of the disease with fewer mastectomies, less radiation, less and less after-effects of chemotherapy treatment,” analyzed the oncologist who is also head of the Area Radiotherapy and Imaging Institute Roffo Angel of the UBA.

Prime suspect. “Suspecting the existence of a breast cancer gets a small piece of tissue through a core biopsy, guided by palpation, a preoperative diagnostic procedure widely used in recent years,” said Dr. Daniel Eduardo Levy, Chief of Oncology at the Hospital Rivadavia.

Levy said that the sample is sent to the pathologist for analysis and then that information is derived from the mastologists, which will analyze the procedure such as surgery for retaining the breast, or mastectomy if the tumor is more advanced, and other alternative treatments such as hormone therapy, chemotherapy and radiotherapy, depending on prognostic factors.

“In early stages the best treatment is a lumpectomy followed by radiation treatment six weeks. According to risk factors for chemotherapy is indicated. The evolution of these treatments is to surgery followed by irradiation accelerated partial breast with potential advantages of reduced treatment time, decrease costs, improve quality of life and eliminating the problem of the sequence of treatments, especially chemotherapy, “Roth specified.

“It is extremely important that women have no symptoms that you query the doctor regularly, in addition to a routine mammogram, every one to two years, according to the schedule recommended by the mastologists-and self-examination every month,” noted Levy, who like his colleagues said breast cancer, usually starting with microcalcifications, spills of blood or fluid from the nipple, is one of the tumors more easily detected and treated early is, in almost all cases, curable.
“In recent years, advances in diagnosis and improved treatment and application of knowledge about tumor biology have led to markedly increase the proportion of women who remain free of relapse after starting treatment. The sooner it is detected and cancer is diagnosed, the greater the chances of successful curative treatment, “Roth analyzed.

According to experts, within the measures of early detection, along with mammography, the traditional self becomes a key element that must be responsive to any change in the surface of the breast, touching deeply feel the same for any rigid object , which in some cases are detected through the pain.

Statistics. The statistical numbers that handle medical associations in Argentina indicate that each year there are between 15,000 and 18,000 new cases of breast cancer. In this regard, stressed that one in nine Argentine develop a tumor in the breast during their lifetime, making this disease one of the most common cancers of the female.
In our country, breast cancer tops the list of oncological diseases in women, where the annual death rate from this disease is at 20.4 per 100,000 according to the atlas prepared by Elena Doria Matos and Loria, Department of Carcionogénesis Roffo Institute. Next in descending order cervical cancer (10.7), colorectal (9.0), lung (6.9), pancreas (5.5) and ovary (4.0).

The World Health Organization issued a report which specifies that this disease is the leading cause of death in women between 35 and 65, ahead of cardiovascular disease. And that cancer in general has increased 30 percent over the past 40 years. Cancer causes 13.2 million deaths in 2030, 72 percent more than in 2008 and 21.4 million new diagnosed cases, according to the report Globocan International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) under the World Health Organization (WHO).

This device, known as \ “Trimprob \” shaped bar and emits electromagnetic waves that reach the affected organ, which responds with a series of vibrations that vary depending on the alteration of the cells found country, according to the newspaper today Italy’s La Repubblica.

According to the variation of the waves, the computer monitor that is connected designs are four types of different diagnoses ranging from simple inflammation to the prostate tumor, through the benign prostatic hypertrophy and calcification.

The diagnostic accuracy of this new instrument, which operates in about two minutes, is 93 percent in the case of tumors and 82 percent in the case where the test is negative.

The \ “Trimprob \” stems from an idea derived from military technology Vedruccio Carlbruno engineer who designed the prototype currently being experienced in the hospital in Milan.

Since July 2002, the new cancer screening tool has been tested in 1022 patients, 283 of whom were diagnosed with a tumor in the prostate, a hundred hypertrophy and the other some kind of malformation.

\ “The effectiveness of this new device has been tested in patients who already had received a diagnosis in the traditional way, \” said Dr. Carlo Bellorofonte, coordinator of this pilot project.

The new \ “detector \” has also been used in the case of tumors in the breast, stomach and duodenum and is expected to be diagnosed just as lung cancer.

Bogotá was presented at the first medical device that will help dentists and physicians in the detection of oral cancer. Unlike other diagnostic tools, this equipment allows specialists to detect the early signs and stages of pre-cancer and oral cancer, which often go unnoticed in conventional visual examination. revolutionized the technology for early detection of oral cancer, Cali this company offers the latest generation of diagnostic tools that will change the field of diagnosis for physicians and dentists with Identafi ™ 3000 ultra system specially designed for use by dentists, oral surgeons, periodontists, general practitioners and otolaryngologists mainly consists of three items: – Portable lighting device with three different colors of light (wavelengths). – Lenses specially designed to enhance the appearance of atypical areas. – disposable cover to prevent the spread of infections. In Colombia are not yet known statistics about the incidence of this disease in the population or treatments for Carlos Gairo Colombian pathologist College of dentists, “it is important to generate awareness campaigns oral patients to come to your dentist and you require this test” and that without the help an effective and economical device for dentists, doctors and specialists in oral hygiene, have been waging an unequal struggle against a silent murderer: oral cancer, which has reached epidemic proportions, with an annual increase of 11% in the U.S. due in part to practices such as oral sex.

The ultra Identafi ™ 3000 allows physicians and dentists to identify morphological and biochemical changes in soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity and head and neck. This system emphasizes visually these changes with different types of lighting. “Oral cancer kills one person every hour of every day in the U.S. The only way to stop it is through early detection, which requires the participation of doctors and dentists in this effort, “said Zuluaga. “While working on sensitive and immediate diagnosis of precancer and cancer. The medical community has an urgent need for technologies that not only offer high sensitivity, specificity and efficiency must also be economical enough for all medical and dental clinics can offer. “, Said Andrew F. Zuluaga, President of Andean Trimira SAS device was made ​​in the course of the show Meditech 2010.

Incoming search terms for the article:

reviews on oral cancer detection devices/

The prostate cancer clinically detectable is the most common cancer in men over 50 years of age in the U.S., and the second leading cause of cancer death in men. Approximately 30% of men over age 50 are asymptomatic foci of prostate cancer recognizable in the autopsy series. However, it is estimated that the risk of a man of 50 years to develop a clinically relevant prostate cancer has been estimated at about 10%, while the risk of dying from prostate cancer is approximately 3%.

The implementation of programs for early detection of prostate cancer is very controversial, in Spain, the number of males potentially tributaries of the program over five million. Several screening programs, and including the American Cancer Society have shown that between 85% and 93% of cancers detectable with current methods is clinically important, ie, they are likely to progress and cause damage to individual. In addition, tumors detected from the use of PSA (prostate specific antigen) are more likely to be confined to the organ. When used in screening programs, patients with prostate cancer detected at an earlier stage than when they are symptomatic.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia
Moreover, it should be noted that benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign tumor in men over 50 years, and the second cause of admission for surgery. It is therefore advisable to assess clinically, albeit brief, in this age group. In fact, 70% of patients older than 70 develop BPH, of which between 35 and 40% suffer clinical prostatism due to cervico-urethral process. Read the rest of this entry »

Recent studies have opened the debate on the benefits of these diagnostic methods, especially the PSA test.
A couple of weeks the New England Journal of Medicine published two studies that call into question the effectiveness of screening for prostate cancer, which kills about 1,500 Chileans year, making it the second leading cause of cancer death in men.

One of the studies conducted in 76,693 men in the U.S. revealed that mortality rates did not decrease in those undergoing the PSA test and DRE. Meanwhile, a European study conducted in 182,000 men, which only provides for the screening with prostate specific antigen test, it concluded that 20% reduced mortality rates from prostate cancer.
These diagnostic methods, including screening programs since the year 88, are the most used around the world to research the disease. Digital rectal examination is often supplemented with the test of prostate specific antigen (PSA), an enzyme that normally occurs in all prostates and ‘escapes’ into the blood when the gland is affected, including when it comes to cancer .

Both tests are aimed primarily at men over 45 who are at greatest risk, together with a family history and those who maintain a diet with high fat intake.

Dr. Paul Bernier, Chief of the German Urological Clinic, says these tests are actually useful and that the published studies must be understood within the context in which they were made. Read the rest of this entry »

According to investigators, the importance of this study is that it is the first that has investigated the association between taking aspirin during adulthood and breast cancer risk. The findings provide evidence that their use during adulthood could bring benefits. ” In fact, findings have revealed an inverse association between aspirin consumption and the risk of breast cancer, especially in women who drank two or more tablets.

The study analyzed both the frequency of monthly use of aspirin as the number of tablets in each shot. The results showed “a 20% decrease in the risk of developing breast cancer among women who said they had taken low dose aspirin during the year preceding the study.” In addition, patients who consumed two or more tablets were suffering the largest decline, to 26%.

The benefit of aspirin was recorded throughout all decades of life, while reducing the risk of breast cancer was higher in the seventh, ie the group of women aged between 61 and 70 years, reaching 27%. The following age groups with better percentages were between 51 and 60, and between 31 and 40, with 21%.

In addition to the parameters of frequency of use and number of tablets, the study also took into account various risk factors in breast cancer, as body mass index, the physical exercise, or family background and as patients taking NSAIDs because of other diseases such as hypertension, heart disease and / or cerebrovascular disease, diabetes or arthritis.

Although it is still unclear the mechanism by which aspirin may act on the tumor, the authors of this study shows that chronic inflammation may play an important role in carcinogenesis or initial tumor formation in several organs, including breast, and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are proving to have preventive effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandins (molecules involved in inflammation).

This study adds to previous work done in this regard, as conducted by the Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School (USA) 2 by more than 4,000 women, published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, and according to the which ‘the regular consumption of aspirin may increase the survival of women diagnosed with breast cancer and reduce the risk of metastasis by 50% compared with those who do not use this drug on a regular basis. ” Specifically, this study revealed that the risk of metastasis and death from breast cancer in women taking aspirin two to five days a week were 60% and 71% lower, respectively. In patients taking aspirin for six to seven times per week, these percentages were found to be 43% and 64%.

This latest study by the School of Public Health and Health Professions at the University of Buffalo (USA) continues to advance knowledge of aspirin in the oncology sector, although this does not mean you can extrapolate your daily intake for this purpose. This is not an indication of the drug approved in Spain.